Averrhoa carambola (Karanbôl) : medicinal properties in alcoholic extraction

Averrhoa carambola (Karanbôl, carambola, carambole) — family Oxalidacées.

Scientific synonyms : Averrhoa acutangula-Stokes, Sarcotheca Philippica-(Vilar)-Hallier f..

This database documents alcoholic (ethanol) extractions of active substances. Our monograph currently lists 21 indications in alcoholic extraction for this species. The Lapo v2 catalogue records 78 scientific references for this species (full detail in the application).

Important — scientific references on this public page: only a short excerpt of each cited source is shown (selected abstract sentences), kept in the original language of the publication (most often English), without translation. These excerpts are not the full article text and are not a complete bibliography. The full reference records and complete monographic detail are available in the Lapo v2 application (free 30-day trial).

1. 1

   Adjuvant treatment for liver cancer

   Plant part used: Fruit.

   Scientific references (short excerpts)

   Short excerpts only (not the full article). Full reference records are in the Lapo v2 application.

   • According to Luan F (2012)

     Excerpt Pharmacological studies have revealed that crude extracts or monomeric compounds from AC exhibit multiple bioactivities, such as anti-oxidant, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-obesity, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-hypertensive, neuroprotective, & others. Averrhoa carambola is an edible fruit that is extensively cultivated in southern China, Southeast Asia, India, and northern South America.

   • According to Singh R (2014)

     Excerpt This study suggests the prophylactic role of AC against hepatocellular carcinoma in mice; therefore, it could be employed for the further screening as a good chemopreventive natural supplement against cancer. The current study was designed to evaluate the prophylactic role of the fruit of Averrhoa carambola(star fruit or Kamrak) on diethylnitrosamine- (DENA-) induced (15 mg/kg b.wt.; single i.p.

   • According to Sharma J (2014)

     Excerpt In the present study, the ability of Averrhoa carambola fruit extract to reduce Diethylnitrosamine/Carbon tetrachloride (DENA/CCl4) induced oxidative stress & hepato-carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice was investigated. Therefore, the results from the present study demonstrate that the fruit extract of AC has the potential to reduce the liver cancer by alleviating the oxidative stress during chemical induced carcinogenesis in mammals.

   • According to Chin JH (2010)

     Excerpt All animals were sacrificed at day-15 & various organs such as liver, kidney & heart were removed.

   • According to Zhang JW (2007)

     Excerpt To examine the inhibitory effects of star fruit (Averrhoa carambola) juice towards seven major cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms & NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR). Methods: The inhibitory effects of star fruit juice (0.5 to 5%, v/v) against the activities of seven CYP isoforms including CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP3A4 & CPR were examined in human liver microsomes.

2. 2

   Cancer: adjuvant treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma

   Plant part used: Fruit.

   Scientific references (short excerpts)

   Short excerpts only (not the full article). Full reference records are in the Lapo v2 application.

   • According to Sharma J (2014)

     Excerpt In the present study, the ability of Averrhoa carambola fruit extract to reduce Diethylnitrosamine/Carbon tetrachloride (DENA/CCl4) induced oxidative stress & hepato-carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice was investigated. Therefore, the results from the present study demonstrate that the fruit extract of AC has the potential to reduce the liver cancer by alleviating the oxidative stress during chemical induced carcinogenesis in mammals.

   • According to Singh R (2014)

     Excerpt This study suggests the prophylactic role of AC against hepatocellular carcinoma in mice; therefore, it could be employed for the further screening as a good chemopreventive natural supplement against cancer. The current study was designed to evaluate the prophylactic role of the fruit of Averrhoa carambola(star fruit or Kamrak) on diethylnitrosamine- (DENA-) induced (15 mg/kg b.wt.; single i.p.

   • According to Luan F (2012)

     Excerpt Pharmacological studies have revealed that crude extracts or monomeric compounds from AC exhibit multiple bioactivities, such as anti-oxidant, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-obesity, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-hypertensive, neuroprotective, & others. Averrhoa carambola is an edible fruit that is extensively cultivated in southern China, Southeast Asia, India, and northern South America.

   • According to Chin JH (2010)

     Excerpt All animals were sacrificed at day-15 & various organs such as liver, kidney & heart were removed.

   • According to Zhang JW (2007)

     Excerpt To examine the inhibitory effects of star fruit (Averrhoa carambola) juice towards seven major cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms & NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR). Methods: The inhibitory effects of star fruit juice (0.5 to 5%, v/v) against the activities of seven CYP isoforms including CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP3A4 & CPR were examined in human liver microsomes.

3. 3

   Type II diabetes mellitus

   Plant part used: Fruit.

   Scientific references (short excerpts)

   Short excerpts only (not the full article). Full reference records are in the Lapo v2 application.

   • According to Shahreen S (2012)

     Excerpt Averrhoa carambola L. The standard antihyperglycemic drug, glibenclamide, caused a 57.3% reduction in serum glucose levels versus control.

   • According to Daud N (2013)

     Excerpt An ethanolic extract of leaves & fruits of Averrhoa bilimbi (250 mg/kg) was orally administered to normal & diabetic male Wistar rats for 14 consecutive days. Hypercoagulation, which is often associated with diabetes mellitus may lead to several health problems such as thrombosis, stroke & heart attack.

   • According to Abeysekera RA (2015)

     Excerpt We report two unique clinical presentation patterns of star fruit nephrotoxicity following consumption of the fruit as a remedy for diabetes mellitus-the first, in a patient with normal renal function & the second case which we believe is the first reported case of chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to prolonged and excessive consumption of star fruits. Star fruit (Averrhoa carambola) is commonly consumed as an herbal remedy for various ailments in tropical countries.

   • According to Ayesh S SM (2013)

     Excerpt Averrhoa carambola L. carambola was used in ailments such as arthralgia, chronic headache, boils & pyodermas, colds, cough, epistaxis, spermatorrhea, fever, food poisoning, gastroenteritis, malaria, malarial splenomegaly, oliguria, postpartum edema, sore throat, subcalorism & traumatic injury.

   • According to Gunasekaran LCA (2011)

     Excerpt Averrhoa carambola (star fruit) leaves have been a part of traditional medicine used in Ayurvedic preparations to treat DM in Sri Lanka. Researchers have investigated the hypoglycaemic effects of several insoluble fiber-rich fractions (FRFs) including insoluble dietary fiber, alcohol-insoluble solid & water insoluble solid from the pomace of AC.

Further indications (including other extraction modes where applicable), dosages, precautions for use, and the <strong>full scientific references</strong> (complete records, not only the short excerpts above) are available in the complete monographic record in the Lapo v2 application.