Croton tiglium (Ti piyon-dend) : medicinal properties in alcoholic extraction

Croton tiglium (Ti piyon-dend, Small Indian Pignon, Petit Pignon d’Inde) — family Euphorbiacées.

Scientific synonyms : Croton arboreus-S, C officinalis-(K)-K, C himalaicus-DGL, Kurkas Tiglium-(L)-Raf, Tiglium officinale-K.

This database documents alcoholic (ethanol) extractions of active substances. Our monograph currently lists 6 indications in alcoholic extraction for this species. The Lapo v2 catalogue records 52 scientific references for this species (full detail in the application).

Important — scientific references on this public page: only a short excerpt of each cited source is shown (selected abstract sentences), kept in the original language of the publication (most often English), without translation. These excerpts are not the full article text and are not a complete bibliography. The full reference records and complete monographic detail are available in the Lapo v2 application (free 30-day trial).

1. 1

   Cancer: adjuvant treatment of metastatic breast cancer (mature fruit)

   Plant part used: Fruit.

   Scientific references (short excerpts)

   Short excerpts only (not the full article). Full reference records are in the Lapo v2 application.

   • According to Song HK (2017)

     Excerpt Crotonis fructus (CF), the mature fruits of Croton tiglium L., have been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disturbance in Asia. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is essential in metastatic cancers owing to its major role in cancer cell invasion.

   • According to Kim JY (2015)

     Excerpt Tiglium seed is a seed of mature Croton Tiglium containing croton oils, which have been traditionally used as laxative or purgative. Accompanied with phosphorylation of connexin43 (Cx43) & extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), Tiglium seed extract inhibited gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) associated with tumor-promoting potential.

   • According to Akbar S (2020)

     Excerpt In contrast to the tumor promoting activity of topical croton oil, intralesional administration of emulsified croton oil into established transplants of murine fibrosarcoma caused complete regression of the tumors in mice without any recurrence,. Croton oil is the most violent of all cathartics, half to one drop produces burning in the mouth & stomach, often emesis, several extensive fluid evacuations with colic & tenesmus; toxic doses produce gastroenteritis & collapse.

   • According to Jiang L (2017)

     Excerpt Phytochemical investigation of the ethanol extract from the twigs & leaves of Croton tiglium led to the isolation of two new phorbol esters (1-2) & seven known ones (3-9). Meanwhile, compounds 1-9 were determined for their cytotoxic activities on human lung cancer cell line A549.

   • According to Gupta DP (2020)

     Excerpt In this study, we investigated the effect of Croton tiglium extract (CTE) on the production of pro- & anti-inflammatory mediators in microglia & astrocytes via RT-PCR, Western blot, & nitric oxide assay. CTE significantly inhibited the production of neurotoxic inflammatory factors, including nitric oxide & tumor necrosis factor-α.

2. 2

   Dermatophytosis: Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, and Epidermophyton floccosum.

   Plant part used: Fruit.

   Scientific references (short excerpts)

   Short excerpts only (not the full article). Full reference records are in the Lapo v2 application.

   • According to Lin HC (2016)

     Excerpt Dermatophytosis, which is caused mainly by genera of Trichophyton, Epidermophyton, & Microsporum, is a frequent dermatological problem in tropical and subtropical countries. rubrum, & Epidermophyton floccosum.

   • According to Shahid M (n.d.)

     Excerpt This study describes the activity-guided isolation & purification of a novel antimicrobial protein from the seed of Croton tiglium. Antifungal & antibacterial activities were determined after each purification step.

   • According to Zhang (2022)

     Excerpt Croton tiglium Linn. Based on a wide range of biological properties, CT has a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as antitumor, anti-HIV, analgesic, anti-inflammatory & antibacterial effects.

   • According to Yun JW (2018)

     Excerpt Seed of mature Croton tiglium also known as Tiglium seed (TS), has been widely used as a natural product due to its several health beneficial properties including anti-tumor & antifungal activities.

   • According to Niu GL (2020)

     Excerpt As a traditional Chinese medicine, Croton tiglium has the characteristics of laxative, analgesic, antibacterial & swelling.

3. 3

   Constipation

   Plant part used: Fruit.

   Scientific references (short excerpts)

   Short excerpts only (not the full article). Full reference records are in the Lapo v2 application.

   • According to Hu Jing (2012)

     Excerpt Croton oil is the fruit oil of Croton tiglium L., which is well known in folk medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, including constipation, abdominal pain, peptic ulcer, and intestinal inflammation for a long period. On the other hand, atropine (10 microM) & 4-DAMP (10 microM) produced a significant inhibition of contractions caused by croton oil, while either hexamethonium (10 microM) or methoctramine (10 microM) was inactive, implying that the regulatory effects of croton oil on GI motility are mediated via the activation of M3 muscarinic receptor.

   • According to Akbar S (2020)

     Excerpt Ethanol seed extract at a dose of 0.06 mL/30 g was effective as laxative in 100% mice, with an ED50 of 0.027 mL; the laxative effect was partially blocked by atropine. In contrast to the tumor promoting activity of topical croton oil, intralesional administration of emulsified croton oil into established transplants of murine fibrosarcoma caused complete regression of the tumors in mice without any recurrence,.

   • According to Tsai JC (2004)

     Excerpt The effects of ethanol extracts of three Chinese medicinal plants Dahuang (Rheum palmatum L.), Badou (Croton tiglium L.), & Huomaren (Cannabis sativa L.), on ion transport of the rat intestinal epithelia were studied.

   • According to Niu GL (2020)

     Excerpt As a traditional Chinese medicine, Croton tiglium has the characteristics of laxative, analgesic, antibacterial & swelling.

   • According to Author (2014)

     Excerpt Croton tiglium seeds, known as Jamālgoṭa in Hindi, Marathi, & Urdu is well-known for its toxicity (severe purgative action). In Ayurvedic texts, the plant is known as Kumbhinī & is used for the treatment of constipation after Śodhana (detoxification process) of the seeds with Godugdha (cow milk).

Further indications (including other extraction modes where applicable), dosages, precautions for use, and the <strong>full scientific references</strong> (complete records, not only the short excerpts above) are available in the complete monographic record in the Lapo v2 application.