Cynara cardunculus (Artichoke) : medicinal properties in alcoholic extraction

Cynara cardunculus (Artichoke, Artichaut) — family Asteracées.

Scientific synonyms : Cynara cardunculus-L, C. Cardunculus, Subsp. Altilis, Subst. Sylvestris..

Recognised external sources linked to this monograph: French Pharmacopoeia.

This database documents alcoholic (ethanol) extractions of active substances. Our monograph currently lists 12 indications in alcoholic extraction for this species. The Lapo v2 catalogue records 86 scientific references for this species (full detail in the application).

Important — scientific references on this public page: only a short excerpt of each cited source is shown (selected abstract sentences), kept in the original language of the publication (most often English), without translation. These excerpts are not the full article text and are not a complete bibliography. The full reference records and complete monographic detail are available in the Lapo v2 application (free 30-day trial).

1. 1

   Type II diabetes mellitus

   Plant part used: Sheet.

   Scientific references (short excerpts)

   Short excerpts only (not the full article). Full reference records are in the Lapo v2 application.

   • According to Ben Salem M (2017)

     Excerpt Forty male Wistar rats were induced to diabetes with a single dose intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of alloxan (150 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)). In vivo, the results showed that ethanol extract from the leaves of CS (200-400 mg/kg) decreased significantly (p < 0.001) the α-amylase levels in serum of diabetic rats, respectively associated with significant reduction (p < 0.001) in blood glucose rate of 42,84% & 37,91% compared to diabetic groups after 28 days of treatment, a significant lowered of plasma total cholesterol (T-Ch) by 18,11% & triglyceride (TG) by 60,47%, significantly & low-density Lipoproteins (LDL-C) by 37,77%, compared to diabetic rats, Moreover, the administration of ETOH extract appears to exert antioxidative activity demonstrated by the increase of CAT, SOD & GSH activities in liver, kidney & pancreas of diabetic rats.

   • According to Author (1998)

     Excerpt In addition, the stimulation of HMGCoA-reductase activity by insulin was efficiently blocked by the extracts, although other insulin-dependent phenomena, such as increased lactate production, were not influenced. Indeed, Luteolin also efficiently blocked the insulin effect on cholesterol biosynthesis.

   • According to Nazni P (2006)

     Excerpt Nazni P et al, Hypoglycemic & hypolipidemic effect of Cynara Scolymus among selected type 2 diabetic individuals.

   • According to Loi B (2013)

     Excerpt Loi B et al, reducing effect of a combination of Phaseolus vulgaris & Cynara scolymus extracts on food intake & glycemia in rats.

   • According to -Heidarian E (2011)

     Excerpt Hypolipidemic & hypoglycemic effects of aerial part of Cynara scolymus in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

2. 2

   Hepatitis, cirrhosis, fatty liver, poisoning (chemical or drug-related) with elevated ALT levels)

   Plant part used: Sheet.

   Scientific references (short excerpts)

   Short excerpts only (not the full article). Full reference records are in the Lapo v2 application.

   • According to Ahmadi A (2019)

     Excerpt In the present study, the hepatoprotective effects of Cynara scolymus leaf extract against DZN-induced liver injury were examined. The administration of Art extract resulted in not only a significant reduction in serum ALP, AST, ALT, MDA, TNF-α, & protein carbonyl but also an improvement of liver histopathological changes and hepatic CAT and SOD activities as opposed to the DZN group.

   • According to Rangboo V (2016)

     Excerpt Based on recent basic & clinical investigations, the extract of artichoke (Cynara scolymus) leaf has been revealed to be used for hepatoprotective & cholesterol reducing purposes. To compare the role of C scolymus use with placebo in changes in study parameters, multivariate linear regression models were employed indicating higher improvement in liver enzymes & also lipid profile particularly triglycerides & total cholesterol following administration of C scolymus in comparison with placebo use.

   • According to Ben Salem M (2017)

     Excerpt In vivo, the results showed that ethanol extract from the leaves of CS (200-400 mg/kg) decreased significantly (p < 0.001) the α-amylase levels in serum of diabetic rats, respectively associated with significant reduction (p < 0.001) in blood glucose rate of 42,84% & 37,91% compared to diabetic groups after 28 days of treatment, a significant lowered of plasma total cholesterol (T-Ch) by 18,11% & triglyceride (TG) by 60,47%, significantly & low-density Lipoproteins (LDL-C) by 37,77%, compared to diabetic rats, Moreover, the administration of ETOH extract appears to exert antioxidative activity demonstrated by the increase of CAT, SOD & GSH activities in liver, kidney & pancreas of diabetic rats. scolymus in alloxan induced stress oxidant, hepatic-kidney dysfunction & histological changes in liver, kidney and pancreas of different experimental groups of rats.

   • According to Vigh S (2016)

     Excerpt Our experimental data are suggesting that the artichoke could be a good candidate for the complementary treatment of certain human cancers but further studies are needed to shed light on all aspects related to its hormetic dose response & cytotoxic effect not talking about the putative hepatoprotective effect in relation to cancer therapy efficiency. Chemomapping of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) leaf extracts revealed novel bioactive compounds with putative antitumor effects & therefore, we set to analyze the cytotoxic effects of aqueous & alcoholic extracts on T-47D & ZR-75-1 human breast cancer cell lines.

   • According to Speroni E (2003)

     Excerpt Efficacy of different Cynara scolymus preparations on liver complaints.

3. 3

   Cancer: adjuvant treatment for hormone-dependent breast cancer

   Plant part used: Sheet.

   Scientific references (short excerpts)

   Short excerpts only (not the full article). Full reference records are in the Lapo v2 application.

   • According to Vigh S (2016)

     Excerpt Chemomapping of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) leaf extracts revealed novel bioactive compounds with putative antitumor effects & therefore, we set to analyze the cytotoxic effects of aqueous & alcoholic extracts on T-47D & ZR-75-1 human breast cancer cell lines. Our experimental data are suggesting that the artichoke could be a good candidate for the complementary treatment of certain human cancers but further studies are needed to shed light on all aspects related to its hormetic dose response & cytotoxic effect not talking about the putative hepatoprotective effect in relation to cancer therapy efficiency.

   • According to Mileo AM (2015)

     Excerpt Mileo AM et al, Long Term Exposure to Polyphenols of Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) Exerts Induction of Senescence Driven Growth Arrest in the MDA-MB231 Human Breast Cancer Cell Line.

   • According to Yasukawa (2010)

     Excerpt The methanol extract of the flowers of artichoke (Cynara cardunculus) exhibited remarkable antitumor activity in an in vivo two-stage carcinogenesis test in mice, using 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene as an initiator and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) as a promoter.

   • According to Simsek EN (2013)

     Excerpt Apoptotic 1 cytotoxic activity of plant extracts obtaining from naturally growing Cynara syriaca in Turkey & cultivated C cardunculus against DLD1 colorectal cancer cells was determined. Extracts from wild and cultivated Cynara species were obtained from their vegetative parts and receptacles using hexane & applied with five different dose (0.1-1 mg/ml) as well as apigenin for MTT tests for three time periods (24, 48 and 72 hours).

   • According to Mileo AM (2012)

     Excerpt The human breast cancer cell line, estrogen receptor negative, MDA-MB231, was used to evaluate the antitumor effect of polyphenolic extracts from the edible part of artichokes (AEs). Treatment of cancer cells reduced cell viability & inhibited cell growth in a dose-dependent manner.

Further indications (including other extraction modes where applicable), dosages, precautions for use, and the <strong>full scientific references</strong> (complete records, not only the short excerpts above) are available in the complete monographic record in the Lapo v2 application.