Allium sativum (Lay) : medicinal properties in alcoholic extraction

Allium sativum (Lay, Garlic, Ail) — family Liliacées.

Scientific synonyms : Allium pekinense-Prokhanov, porrum sativum-(l)-Roxb.

Recognised external sources linked to this monograph: TRAMIL and French Pharmacopoeia.

This database documents alcoholic (ethanol) extractions of active substances. Our monograph currently lists 25 indications in alcoholic extraction for this species. The Lapo v2 catalogue records 102 scientific references for this species (full detail in the application).

Important — scientific references on this public page: only a short excerpt of each cited source is shown (selected abstract sentences), kept in the original language of the publication (most often English), without translation. These excerpts are not the full article text and are not a complete bibliography. The full reference records and complete monographic detail are available in the Lapo v2 application (free 30-day trial).

1. 1

   Diabetic ulcer

   Plant part used: Bulb.

   Scientific references (short excerpts)

   Short excerpts only (not the full article). Full reference records are in the Lapo v2 application.

   • According to Semuyaha I (2017)

     Excerpt Hyperglycemia was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin 60 mg/kg followed by 120 mg/kg nicotinamide while extraction of garlic was done by cold maceration method. Group (A), normal control rats, & Group (B), diabetic rats, received 1 ml of normal saline; diabetic rats in Group (C) received 1000 mg/kg of garlic extract orally for 21 days.

   • According to Ibegbulem CO (2013)

     Excerpt The ethanolic extracts of Gongronema latifolium, Aloe perryi, Viscum album (leaves) & Allium sativum (bulb) were investigated for their phytochemical/biochemical constituents & hypoglycemic properties. Materials & Methods: Hypoglycemia was induced in rats by a single dose (140 mg/kg) of intra-péritonéal injection of alloxan monohydrate in citrate buffer (pH 4.5).

   • According to Shakya VK (2010)

     Excerpt The Hypoglycemic properties of the ethanolic extract of the bulbs of A sativum were evaluated in normoglycemic rats in order to scientific validate its traditional therapeutic use with the doses of 500 mg/kg body weight. sativum bulbs at dosed equivalent to 100, 250 & 500 mg/kg body weight produced significant (P<0.10) Hypoglycemic effects in normal fasted animals after 7 days & 14 days respectively.

   • According to Mamun MA (2017)

     Excerpt The findings of this study suggest that ethanol extract of garlic grown in Bangladesh possesses the capability of managing hyperglycemia & complications of diabetes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. The present study was conducted to evaluate the hypoglycemic & hypolipidemic effects of ethanol extract of Allium sativum (EEAS) locally grown in Bangladesh.

   • According to Mejia-Delgado EM (2025)

     Excerpt The search included terms such as "allium sativum", "inflammation", "oxidative stress", & "diabetes mellitus". Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder marked by chronic hyperglycemia and low-grade inflammation, contributing to various complications.

2. 2

   Type II diabetes mellitus

   Plant part used: Bulb.

   Scientific references (short excerpts)

   Short excerpts only (not the full article). Full reference records are in the Lapo v2 application.

   • According to Semuyaha I (2017)

     Excerpt Hyperglycemia was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin 60 mg/kg followed by 120 mg/kg nicotinamide while extraction of garlic was done by cold maceration method. Group (A), normal control rats, & Group (B), diabetic rats, received 1 ml of normal saline; diabetic rats in Group (C) received 1000 mg/kg of garlic extract orally for 21 days.

   • According to Ibegbulem CO (2013)

     Excerpt The ethanolic extracts of Gongronema latifolium, Aloe perryi, Viscum album (leaves) & Allium sativum (bulb) were investigated for their phytochemical/biochemical constituents & hypoglycemic properties. Materials & Methods: Hypoglycemia was induced in rats by a single dose (140 mg/kg) of intra-péritonéal injection of alloxan monohydrate in citrate buffer (pH 4.5).

   • According to Shakya VK (2010)

     Excerpt The Hypoglycemic properties of the ethanolic extract of the bulbs of A sativum were evaluated in normoglycemic rats in order to scientific validate its traditional therapeutic use with the doses of 500 mg/kg body weight. sativum bulbs at dosed equivalent to 100, 250 & 500 mg/kg body weight produced significant (P<0.10) Hypoglycemic effects in normal fasted animals after 7 days & 14 days respectively.

   • According to Mamun MA (2017)

     Excerpt The findings of this study suggest that ethanol extract of garlic grown in Bangladesh possesses the capability of managing hyperglycemia & complications of diabetes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. The present study was conducted to evaluate the hypoglycemic & hypolipidemic effects of ethanol extract of Allium sativum (EEAS) locally grown in Bangladesh.

   • According to Mejia-Delgado EM (2025)

     Excerpt The search included terms such as "allium sativum", "inflammation", "oxidative stress", & "diabetes mellitus". Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder marked by chronic hyperglycemia and low-grade inflammation, contributing to various complications.

3. 3

   Cancer: adjuvant treatment of colorectal and breast cancer

   Plant part used: Bulb.

   Scientific references (short excerpts)

   Short excerpts only (not the full article). Full reference records are in the Lapo v2 application.

   • According to Bar M (2022)

     Excerpt Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is widely used in the human diet & in scientific research due to its biological properties.

   • Excerpt According to the literature, extracts obtained using water as a solvent are mainly responsible for antimicrobial properties, which is related to, inter alia, the high content of allicin.

   • According to El-Khamissi H (2019)

     Excerpt The objective of this study is to determine the phytochemicals of garlic, antioxidants & anticancer activities against cancer cell line (MCF-7) of hot water, cold water & ethanol extracts of garlic (Allium Sativum). Finally, garlic extracts also showed very high cytotoxic activity against human breast cancer cell line type (MCF-7) especially ethanol extract, which makes us recommend that garlic is useful as a rich antioxidant & has great strength against cancer cells,.

   • According to Prakash Ekta (2016)

     Excerpt The objective of the study was to determine the anticancer properties of ethanolic extract of AS against human cancer cell lines. Allium Sativum is a perennial plant with narrow flat leaves & several small bulbs, known as clove, enclosed in a white skin.

   • According to Karasaki Y (2001)

     Excerpt Cytotoxic effects of a lectin prepared from garlic (Allium sativum-L) bulbs on human tumor cells were studied. The antitumor activity of garlic lectin may provide a rational basis for its effectiveness observed in clinical applications.

   • According to Garcia A (n.d.)

     Excerpt Garcia A et al, A comparative study on the antifungal effects of tamarind (Tamarindus indica) & garlic (Allium sativum) extracts on banana anthracnose.

Further indications (including other extraction modes where applicable), dosages, precautions for use, and the <strong>full scientific references</strong> (complete records, not only the short excerpts above) are available in the complete monographic record in the Lapo v2 application.