Averrhoa bilimbi (Bilenmbi) : medicinal properties in alcoholic extraction

Averrhoa bilimbi (Bilenmbi, Kornichon, Bilimbi, gherkin, cornichon) — family Oxalidacées.

Scientific synonyms : Averrhoa obtusangulata-Stokes, A. obtusangula-Stokes.

This database documents alcoholic (ethanol) extractions of active substances. Our monograph currently lists 20 indications in alcoholic extraction for this species. The Lapo v2 catalogue records 66 scientific references for this species (full detail in the application).

Important — scientific references on this public page: only a short excerpt of each cited source is shown (selected abstract sentences), kept in the original language of the publication (most often English), without translation. These excerpts are not the full article text and are not a complete bibliography. The full reference records and complete monographic detail are available in the Lapo v2 application (free 30-day trial).

1. 1

   Type II diabetes mellitus

   Plant part used: fruit. Mentioned synergistic association: Catharanthus roseus-feuille.

   Scientific references (short excerpts)

   Short excerpts only (not the full article). Full reference records are in the Lapo v2 application.

   • According to ALIPIN K (2019)

     Excerpt Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels or hyperglycemia due to deficiency or ineffectiveness of insulin. This study aims to determine the effectiveness & optimum dosage combination CX rhizomes & AB fruit extract as anti-diabetic herbs in decreasing blood glucose levels, improve pancreas histopathology & the liver structure repair of diabetic male Wistar rats induced by streptozotocin.

   • According to Sutrisna EM (2015)

     Excerpt roseus G doses 40 :80 & 80 :40 mg/200 gBW had the effect of lowering Blood glucose Levels in 7 days, but couldn’t prevent renal damage by induction of alloxan. roseus G) leaves extract in lowering blood glucose levels.

   • According to Wardani BPN (2021)

     Excerpt Hyperglycemia is a condition of excessive blood glucose in blood plasma caused by damage to the pancreatic beta-cell structure that causes impaired insulin secretion. The conclusion of this study was MC & AB ethanol extract with a treatment of 40 mg.kg-1 BW can suppress IL-1b pro-inflammatory cytokines in hyperglycemic mice models, but has not been able to reduce the expression of IL-6 pro-inflammatory cytokines.

   • According to Pushparaj P (2001)

     Excerpt In the present study, we have examined the possible mechanism of the hypoglycemic action of the semi-purified fractions of an ethanolic extract of Averrhoa bilimbi Linn (Oxalidaceae) leaves (ABe) in streptozotocin-diabetic male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Fractions AF, BuF & the reference drug Metformin (500 mg/kg body weight), produced significant blood glucose-lowering effect in the diabetic rats when compared to the vehicle (distilled water).

   • According to Daud N (2013)

     Excerpt An ethanolic extract of leaves & fruits of Averrhoa bilimbi (250 mg/kg) was orally administered to normal & diabetic male rats for 14 consecutive days. Hypercoagulation, which is often associated with diabetes mellitus may lead to several health problems such as thrombosis, stroke & heart attack.

2. 2

   Cancer: chemoprevention: hepatocellular carcinoma

   Plant part used: fruit.

   Scientific references (short excerpts)

   Short excerpts only (not the full article). Full reference records are in the Lapo v2 application.

   • According to Pushparaj P (2001)

     Excerpt In the present study, we have examined the possible mechanism of the hypoglycemic action of the semi-purified fractions of an ethanolic extract of Averrhoa bilimbi Linn (Oxalidaceae) leaves (ABe) in streptozotocin-diabetic male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. These results indicate that AF is more potent than BuF in the amelioration of hyperglycemia in STZ-diabetic rats & is a potential source for the isolation of new orally active agent(s) for anti-diabetic therapy.

   • According to Ali R (2013)

     Excerpt bilimbi possesses effective cytotoxic properties & hence can be à potential source for the isolation of active principle(s) for cancer therapy. The crude methanolic extract of Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.

   • According to Nair MS (2016)

     Excerpt The fruit & leaf extracts of Averrhoa bilimbi were analyzed for the presence of phytochemicals, flavonoid content & in vitro cytotoxic potential. The methanolic fruit extract exhibited significant cytotoxic potential against MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines with an IC50 value of 154.9 μg/ ml whereas an IC50 value of 668 μg/ml observed for ethanolic leaf extract.

   • According to Yan SW (2017)

     Excerpt This study investigated the growth inhibitory & antiproliferative effect as well as the underlying cell death pathway induced by bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi) ethanolic extract on human cervical cancer cell line, HeLa. Collectively, this study suggests bilimbi ethanolic extract as a potential anticancer agent capable of inducing growth inhibitory effect & apoptosis on cervical cancer cell line.

   • According to Singh R (2014)

     Excerpt This study suggests the prophylactic role of A carambola against hepatocellular carcinoma in mice ; therefore, it could be employed for the further screening as a good chemopreventive natural supplement against cancer.Liver cancer remains one of the severe lethal malignancies worldwide and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form. in corn oil thrice a week for 24 weeks) liver cancer in Swiss albino mice.

3. 3

   Bacterial infection: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli

   Plant part used: fruit.

   Scientific references (short excerpts)

   Short excerpts only (not the full article). Full reference records are in the Lapo v2 application.

   • According to Widhianto EK (2017)

     Excerpt The bacteria used to test are Gram + Staphylococcus aureus & Gram-Escherichia coli, both of which are pathogenic bacteria in humans. Averrhoa bilimbi L, or in Indonesian named belimbing wuluh has been widely used by the Community as a complement to cuisine.

   • According to Mannan A (2020)

     Excerpt PE & EA fractions exhibited good antimicrobial activity with the zone of inhibition against Bacillus cereus (11 mm & 14 mm) & Escherichia coli (7 mm & 9 mm). bilimbi) fruit has been subjected in this research to find out a possible source of bioactive compounds against antimicrobial & cytotoxic activity.

   • According to Gunawan C (2013)

     Excerpt This included Squalene (1); 3-(6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-yl)furan-2(5H)-one (2 A new compound); 2,3-bis(2,6,10-trimethylundeca-1,5,9-trienyl)oxirane (3 A new compound) with negative activity towards a-glucosidase inhibitory assay, Kirby-Bauer antimicrobial assay & DPPH radical scavenging assay]; phytol (4); 3,4-Dihydroxyhexanedioic acid (5) which was isolated for the first time from a natural source; malonic acid (6); & 4,5-Dihydroxy-2-methylenehydroxybenzaldehyde (7). bilimbi leaves were obtained by exhaustive extraction with methanol at ambient temperature.

   • According to Jais AMM (2007)

     Excerpt Jais AMM et al, In vitro antibacterial activity of Averrhoa bilimbi L.

   • According to Aziz A (2014)

     Excerpt The study was carried out to assess the antibacterial & cytotoxic activities of extracts from leaf parts of the plant, Averrhoa bilimbi. Water extract exhibited more potent antimicrobial activity by inhibiting wide range of gram positive & gram negative bacteria in comparison to ethanolic & methanolic extract of leaves of A.

Further indications (including other extraction modes where applicable), dosages, precautions for use, and the <strong>full scientific references</strong> (complete records, not only the short excerpts above) are available in the complete monographic record in the Lapo v2 application.