Ocimum basilicum (Basil) : medicinal properties in alcoholic extraction

Ocimum basilicum (Basil, Purple basil (var. Thyrsiflorum), Bazilik, Basilic, Basilic pourpre (var Thyrsiflorum)) — family Lamiacées.

Scientific synonyms : Ocimum thyrsiflorum-(L)-Benth.

Recognised external sources linked to this monograph: TRAMIL and French Pharmacopoeia.

This database documents alcoholic (ethanol) extractions of active substances. Our monograph currently lists 26 indications in alcoholic extraction for this species. The Lapo v2 catalogue records 119 scientific references for this species (full detail in the application).

Important — scientific references on this public page: only a short excerpt of each cited source is shown (selected abstract sentences), kept in the original language of the publication (most often English), without translation. These excerpts are not the full article text and are not a complete bibliography. The full reference records and complete monographic detail are available in the Lapo v2 application (free 30-day trial).

1. 1

   Hepatitis, cirrhosis, fatty liver disease

   Plant part used: Sheet.

   Scientific references (short excerpts)

   Short excerpts only (not the full article). Full reference records are in the Lapo v2 application.

   • According to Gbadegesin MA (2010)

     Excerpt We evaluated the effects of aqueous & ethanolic leaf extracts of Ocimum basilicum on sodium arsenite-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. We observed that treatment of the animals with the extracts before or just after sodium arsenite administration significantly (p < 0.05) reduced mean liver & serum γ-Glutamyl transferase (γGT) & serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities when compared with the group administered the toxin alone.

   • According to Kumar S (2020)

     Excerpt Ocimum basilicum is a common culinary herb, used as a traditional medicine for various medical conditions including HIV/AIDS & tuberculosis, in Africa. The putative gastrointestinal tract (GIT) concentration for all extracts was calculated as 2,400 μg/ml & hepatic circulation concentrations were estimated at 805.68 μg/ml for the aqueous extract, & 226.56 μg/ml for methanolic extract.

   • According to Touiss I (2021)

     Excerpt The RAE at 200 mg/kg body weight lowered significantly (p < 0.001) plasma enzyme activities of liver, which is designation of hepatoprotective action of extract. Our study suggests that RAE may be used as a hepatoprotective agent against toxic effects caused by CCl4 & other chemical agents in the liver,.

   • According to El-Samahy LA (2024)

     Excerpt This study investigated the antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extract of Ocimum basilicum-loaded lignin nanoparticles (OB-LNPs) & Lagenaria siceraria seed oil-loaded lignin nanoparticles (LS-LNPs) to find a solution for antimicrobial resistance. Oral administration of OB-LNPs & LS-LNPs in combination with ciprofloxacin had a significant effect on all blood parameters, as well as on liver & kidney function parameters.

   • According to Dasgupta T (2004)

     Excerpt The effects of doses of 200 & 400 mg/kg body weight of hydroalcoholic extract (80% ethanol, 20% water) of the fresh leaves of O basilicum on xenobiotic metabolizing Phase I & Phase II enzymes, antioxidant enzymes, Glutathione content, Lactate dehydrogenase & lipid peroxidation in the liver of 8-9 weeks old Swiss albino mice were examined. Basil or sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is cultivated throughout India & is known for its medicinal value.

2. 2

   Infectious diarrhoea caused by E. coli

   Plant part used: Sheet.

   Scientific references (short excerpts)

   Short excerpts only (not the full article). Full reference records are in the Lapo v2 application.

   • According to Author (2014)

     Excerpt The present study was carried out to investigate the antibacterial activity of Ocimum basilicum (OB)ethanolic extract in-vivo by inducing diarrhea in rats which was caused by oral administration of pathogenic Escherichia coli. The experiment that performed in this present study included study in-vivo antibacterial activity of the extract after inducing infectious diarrhea with oral pathogenic E.

   • According to Rezzoug M (2019)

     Excerpt The present study investigates the chemical composition & antioxidant, antimicrobial & anticancer activities of ethanolic extracts (EEs) & essential oils (EOs) from two species in the Lamiaceae family, Ocimum basilicum L. Conclusion: The results suggest that the bioactive compounds found in the ethanolic extracts & essential oils from O basilicum & T algeriensis, with diverse antioxidant, antimicrobial & anticancer activities, may have beneficial applications in nutraceutical & pharmaceutical technologies.

   • According to Francio AE (2025)

     Excerpt We conclude that the EO of TR shows promising antifungal activity & is an environmentally safe alternative for controlling fungal diseases in vegetables. vulgaris & their antioxidant & antifungal activities against Alternaria alternata strains.

   • According to Iram W (2016)

     Excerpt This study showed the comparison between Ocimum basilicum & Cassia fistula (leaves & branch) aqueous extracts for their ability to detoxify of aflatoxins B1 and B2 (AFB1; 100 μg L-1 and AFB2; 50 μg L-1) by In Vitro assays & decontamination studies. basilicum leaves extract was found to be highly significant (P < 0.05) in degrading AFB1 & AFB2, i.e., 90.4 & 88.6%, respectively.

   • According to Araújo SV (2016)

     Excerpt Araújo SV et al, Ocimum basilicum: Antibacterial activity & association study with antibiotics against bacteria of clinical importance, Pharmaceut Biol, 2016; 54(5): 863-7.

3. 3

   Bacterial and fungal infections: Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica

   Plant part used: Sheet. Mentioned synergistic association: Lagenaria siceraria-huile fixe.

   Scientific references (short excerpts)

   Short excerpts only (not the full article). Full reference records are in the Lapo v2 application.

   • According to El-Samahy LA (2024)

     Excerpt OB-LNPs & LS-LNPs were tested for their antimicrobial potential against Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, & Microsporum canis. This study investigated the antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extract of Ocimum basilicum-loaded lignin nanoparticles (OB-LNPs) & Lagenaria siceraria seed oil-loaded lignin nanoparticles (LS-LNPs) to find a solution for antimicrobial resistance.

   • According to Francio AE (2025)

     Excerpt We conclude that the EO of TR shows promising antifungal activity & is an environmentally safe alternative for controlling fungal diseases in vegetables. vulgaris & their antioxidant & antifungal activities against Alternaria alternata strains.

   • According to Rezzoug M (2019)

     Excerpt The present study investigates the chemical composition & antioxidant, antimicrobial & anticancer activities of ethanolic extracts (EEs) & essential oils (EOs) from two species in the Lamiaceae family, Ocimum basilicum L. Conclusion: The results suggest that the bioactive compounds found in the ethanolic extracts & essential oils from O basilicum & T algeriensis, with diverse antioxidant, antimicrobial & anticancer activities, may have beneficial applications in nutraceutical & pharmaceutical technologies.

   • According to Iram W (2016)

     Excerpt This study showed the comparison between Ocimum basilicum & Cassia fistula (leaves & branch) aqueous extracts for their ability to detoxify of aflatoxins B1 and B2 (AFB1; 100 μg L-1 and AFB2; 50 μg L-1) by In Vitro assays & decontamination studies. basilicum leaves extract was found to be highly significant (P < 0.05) in degrading AFB1 & AFB2, i.e., 90.4 & 88.6%, respectively.

   • According to Araújo SV (2016)

     Excerpt Araújo SV et al, Ocimum basilicum: Antibacterial activity & association study with antibiotics against bacteria of clinical importance, Pharmaceut Biol, 2016; 54(5): 863-7.

Further indications (including other extraction modes where applicable), dosages, precautions for use, and the <strong>full scientific references</strong> (complete records, not only the short excerpts above) are available in the complete monographic record in the Lapo v2 application.